2 Commando Brigade, Dalmatian Islands Operations

Date commenced: 
Sunday, January 16, 1944

Commando operations on or from the Dalmatian islands.

Read more here in our No 2 Commando History section.

Grohote, Solta - Operation Detained 1

Date commenced: 
Saturday, March 18, 1944

An attack on the German held village of Grohote in the Damatian Island of Solta. The assault involved two Landing Craft Infantry (LCI), one from Vis and the other from Komiza. A spare LCI from Komiza accompanied them. Each towed a Landing Craft Assault (LCA).  The RAF also provided aerial support to the Commandos consisting of 36 Kittyhawk dive bombers. The raid was successful and the Commandos later evacuated back to thier base at Vis with the entire German garrison of over 100 soldiers as prisoners.

This operation is also mentioned in our No 2 Commando History

A breakdown of the Grohote raiding force

THE ATTACK ON THE GERMAN HELD VILLAGE OF GROHOTE IN THE ISLAND OF SOLTA, DALMATIA. SATURDAY 18TH MARCH 1944. SOMETIMES KNOWN AS "DETAINED 1".
 
The Expedition set out in two L.C.I.'s, one from Vis and the other from Komiza. A spare L.C.I. came too, from Komiza. Each towed an L.C.A. Two L.C.A.'s contained three Italian 47mm anti tank guns and 600 rounds. The other was packed with reserve food and ammunition of all kinds, and more was carried in the spare L.C.I.
 
The Vis L.C.I. entered Tatinja Cove C.623 first, and beached at Green beach at midnight. 
It contained:-
-
Officers
R&F
2 Troop, 2 Commando
2
50
3 Gun Crews for 47mm. guns (Two from 101 L.A.A. Regt.* One from No. 2 Commando.)
3
21
4 Vickers M.G., 10 b.p.g. and crews from 43(RM Commando
1
40
Americans - 
A Unit (Yugoslavian)
B Unit (Greek)
17
138
H.Q. Officers - Col. Churchill, Admiral Cowan, R.M., Lieut. Webb R.M.
3
-
The Komiza L.C.I. beached at Red Beach at 0005hrs, 19th March containing:-
-
Officers
R&F
1 Troop, 2 Commando
3
30
3 Troop, 2 Commando
3
30
4 Troop, 2 Commando
3
37
HW Troop, 2 Commando, with two 3" Mortars and 330 bombs
2
33
L.C.A. Protection Party, No. 2 Commando
1
11
The Spare L.C.I. did not beach , but ferried ashore by L.C.A. :-
-
Officers
R&F
Commando H.Q. 
4
20
Brigadier Miles (Force 133)
1
 ..
Reserve rations and ammunition in case the Assault Force was marooned on Solta.
-
-
Additional support of 36 Kittyhawk dive bombers, carrying 2, 3, or 4 bombs each, was provided by the R.A.F. The R.A.F. sea rescue launch was also used to return badly injured men from the raiding party to Vis.
 
Casulalties
-
Capt. Prescott
Wounded
Lt. Manusos, U.S.A.
Wounded
Cpl. Mallitsis, U.S.A.
Killed
Cpl. Cox (2 Cdo)
Died of Wounds
Pte. Ritchie (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Dvr. Habib (2 Cdo)
Wounded
L/Cpl. Ryder (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Gnr. Sawyer (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Fus. Spinks (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Pte. Pembrey (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Pte. Letts (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Pte. Lucas (2 Cdo)
Wounded
L/Cpl. Miles (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Pte. Eagleson (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Lieut. Parnell (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Lieut. McMenamin (2 Cdo)
Wounded
Two American enlisted men 
Slightly wounded
Four Rank and File of 2 Commando
Slightly wounded
Prisoners
1 Officer, 97 Rank and File, and 6 Croat police.

Source
Report by Lieut. Col. J.M.T.F. Churchill, Commainding No. 2 Commando dated 7th April 1944. The full report is held at the National Archives with the No. 2 Commando War Diary. 
 
*Notes
The report later mentions that this was in fact 101 Light Anti Aircraft Battery, R.A. This Unit at the time was based on Vis (No.2 Cdo War Diary.)
 

Hvar - Operation Endowment

Date commenced: 
Wednesday, March 22, 1944

Yugoslav Partisan and Commando seaborn attack on the German garrison of Hvar island off the Dalmatian coast in the Adriatic. The Force departed from their base on Vis island.

Solta - Operation Detained 11

Date commenced: 
Monday, May 8, 1944
Units: 

An Allied force of Yugoslav Partisans landed on Solta accompanied by Lieutenant Freeman and his signallers from No 2. After a sweep of the island for enemy forces they departed on the 10th.

Miljet - Operation Foxhound

Date commenced: 
Monday, May 22, 1944

A large scale raid on the 22/23rd May involving No 2 (Army) Commando, 43RM Commando, and one troop from 40RM Commando, on Miljet Island. 

'Brac - Operation Flounced'

Date commenced: 
Wednesday, May 31, 1944

  • Lieutenant Colonel J.M.T.F. Churchill, D.S.O., M.C. embarked from Vis as the Commanding Officer of a Force consisting of 43RM Commando, some commandos from 2 Special Service Brigade HQ, the Raiding Support Regiment, a company of the 2nd Highland Light Infantry, and 111 Field Regiment R.A. This was a diversionary attack on the German Garrison of Brac to draw off German Forces who were launching an offensive against the Yugo-Slav National Army of Liberation in Bosnia. The Force was divided into three columns and embarked on naval craft, disembarking along the coast including at Bol, a coastal town on the island of Brac off the coast of Split. They were supported by 1700 plus Partisans.
  • 2 June 1944 four troops of 40 RM Commando proceeded to Brac as reinforcements.
  • 3 June 1944 No.2 Commando Adjutant proceeded to Brac as Liaison Officer to obtain a full picture of the situation for Brigadier H.G.P. Miles, Commanding Force 266. He returned with a request from the Commanding Officer that two troops of No.2 Commando be sent over as a reserve.
  • 4 June 1944 Nos.1 and 4 Troops of No.2 Commando under the command of the Adjutant proceeded to Brac and disembarked at 0800hrs to learn that the Commanding Officer Lieutenant Colonel J.M.T.F. Churchill D.S.O., M.C. and the Commanding Officer of 40RM Commando, Lieutenant Colonel J.C. Manners, D.S.O. were both missing. It was later discovered that Lieutenant Colonel Churchill had been taken prisoner and Lieutenant Colonel Manners had been killed.
  • 4 June 1944 Lieutenant Colonel R.W.B. Simmonds, Officer Commanding 43RM Commando who had assumed command of the Special Service Brigade, ordered the withdrawal of all Allied Forces from Brac due to heavy losses.
  • 4 June 1944 No.2 Commando Adjutant Major R.W. Keep obtained permission to remain behind with a party of 1 Officer, Lieutenant M.H. Webb, M.C., and 12 volunteers from No.2 Commando  in what was to be an unsuccessful attempt to rescue the Commanding Officer.
Source
No.2 Commando War Diary reports on the missing men and other entries for May and June 1944.
 

'Solta - Operation Detained 111'

Date commenced: 
Sunday, September 17, 1944

Formerly part of Yugoslavia.